Insight, analysis & opinion from Joe Paduda

Dec
12

Here’s $200 billion in deficit reduction for Boehner and Obama

There’s an easy $200 billion in deficit reduction out there – require CMS to negotiate drug prices with manufacturers, a move that would reduce annual expenditures by over $20 billion – or $200 billion closer to a “cliff”-avoiding deal.

As I’ve noted repeatedly (but unfortunately few in the mass media have), Part D is perhaps the biggest deficit problem we have – the ultimate unfunded liability is now over $20 trillion.  A decade ago the Republican House and Senate  passed the single largest entitlement program since Medicare – the Medicare Part D drug benefit – with no dedicated financing, no offsets and no revenue-generators. Fully three quarters of the total future cost – which is now around sixteen trillion dollars [see page 122] – was simply added to the federal budget deficit. (the rest is paid for by senior’s fees and State transfers).

The cost to taxpayers for Part D in 2011 was $53 billion; over the next ten years, our cost will balloon to $990 billion.

Of course, we could solve the majority of our budget problems by just canceling Part D, but neither the Democrats nor the Republicans will do that.

So, as long as we’re stuck with the damn thing, we ought to make it as inexpensive as possible. The best way to do that is to use the buying power of Part D to negotiate with manufacturers to get the best possible price for drugs that you – the taxpayer – are paying for. Believe it or not, the original Part D legislation expressly forbids negotiation with manufacturers for pricing. 

In a 2006 House analysis, a report “showed that under the new Medicare plan, prices for 10 commonly prescribed drugs were 80% higher than those negotiated by the Veterans Department [emphasis added], 60% above that paid by Canadian consumers and still 3% higher than volume pharmacies such as Costco and Drugstore.com.”
Another study indicated “An annual savings of over $20 billion could be realized if FSS [Federal Supply Schedule] prices could be achieved by the federal government for the majority of drugs used by seniors in 2003-2004…”
Are there problems with this? Absolutely. Reducing prices may impact R&D expenditures and will affect pharma margins – effects that must be balanced against the nation’s long-term financial viability.

Notably, the President’s public statements on the negotiations haven’t mentioned the long term costs of Part D either. It is puzzling indeed that President Obama has not publicly put this chip on the table.  Perhaps it’s because pharma has already “contributed” to paying for health reform with their $80 billion in

That said, Speaker Boehner’s the real hypocrite here. The Orange One could have been courageous – admitting he and his party made a mistake in refusing to allow CMS to negotiate with pharma, and thereby saving taxpayers $200 billion over the next ten years. Sure, he would’ve taken a hit from older Americans who love Part D, but true statesmen, real leaders, know that tough, unpopular stands are necessary some times.

Like now.

What should we do?

Either a) end Part D or

b) allow the Feds to use their buying power to negotiate with pharma. That alone would save about $20 billion a year.

To recommend either, contact Speaker Boehner here and President Obama here.

Canceling Part D won’t happen; neither party is about to tell seniors they can’t have free medicine. If Boehner, McConnell, Tea Party Congresspeople- and the Administration – were really concerned about the deficit, they’d agree to use the government’s buying power to reduce costs and thus lower the deficit. But of course they won’t; that would alienate big pharma and cut into their campaign contributions.

I’d be remiss if I didn’t acknowledge there are a few on the right as angry as I am about this blatant hypocrisy.


Dec
11

Comp medical costs on the rise

The latest report from WCRI shows medical costs in Indiana have been rising rapidly over the last few years, driven by facility cost increases.  This comes as no surprise, as facilities’ increasing leverage and ability to raise prices has been affecting comp in many states.

This comes on the heels of a similar report on Virginia and news of a significant rate jump in New Jersey, in large part due to increased medical trend.

Rates are up in the Sunshine State too, and yes, higher medical costs – facility and repackaged drugs – are the driver.

Over the last few years, medical inflation, as reported by NCCI has been pretty much under control.  It certainly looks as if those days are over.

What does this mean for you?

Time to dust off those medical management programs – and update them as well.  Because what worked back in the day will likely not work now.  If it did, you wouldn’t see these cost increases.

 

 


Dec
10

Obamacare – status update

Here’s where we are with the implementation of PPACA aka Obamacare.

1.  Several states have either rejected the Medicaid expansion or are waffling. Expect most to decide to take the money; hospitals, physicians, and their lobbyists are working overtime to make sure this happens.  It’s a no-brainer; the feds are paying all of the cost for the first five years, 95 percent for the next five, and 90 percent thereafter.

2. A new tax to subsidize lower-income folks’ Medicaid goes into effect January 1. Most of the new revenue (85 percent) derives from the top 1 percent of taxpayers, with lower-income people getting most of the benefits. for Medicaid and insurance subsidies.

3. The growth of Accountable Care Organizations is quickening – but some are ACOs in name only, while most are ACO 1.0. While there’s much skepticism about the eventual ability of ACOs to control costs/improve outcomes, I’m convinced they will do both.

This from David Harlow:

“…we’re at the leading edge of a significant disruption built around the Affordable Care Act’s provisions on ACOs and related initiatives: a sea change in the way health care is conceptualized, and radical change in delivery and payment systems.  We’re ahead of the curve on these issues in Massachusetts, with a law passed this summer that will move us into ACOs for all — not just Medicare beneficiaries — and away from fee-for-service medicine, and a local Blue Cross-Blue Shield plan known as the Alternative Quality Contract that has been working on this basis — budgeted caps with quality kickers — for several years already. It’s the latest form of pay for performance, or value-based payment.”

4. The feds will charge insurers who go thru Federal Exchanges 3.5% of premiums. This is likely quite a bit more than private insurers were figuring.  If nothing else, it will increase pressure on governors who until now have rejected operating their own Exchange; expect insurers in the 21 states that have rejected exchanges to increase pressure on their governors to set up their own state-run exchanges.

5. There’s much angst in the insurer community over definitions of benefits – which are set by each state – and the cost of providing those benefits.  States with few mandates may well see costs go up significantly, especially for younger folks with individual coverage (who now must more heavily subsidize older members).

Lastly, there’s a whole lot of uncertainty surrounding implementation of Obamacare/PPACA, along with a lot of prognostication about costs, coverage, and impact on providers, employers, and taxpayers.

One thing to remember; if private insurers had controlled costs, we wouldn’t be talking about Obamacare.


Dec
6

Manufacturing’s coming back

Update – And with it will come higher workers comp premium revenue.

The most comprehensive report on the resurgence of American manufacturing is in this month’s Atlantic magazine.  (Over at WorkersCompInsider, Julie Ferguson beat me to the punch on this piece – Julie has quite a bit of insight into the trend and other reports as well…

Among the many companies bringing jobs back from China, Mexico, and southeast Asia are GE (appliances), .

Manufacturing jobs are returning to America from overseas for multiple reasons (paraphrased from Atlantic and other sources) –

  • Transporting stuff in oil-powered ships is much more expensive these days; oil prices are three times higher than they were 2000
  • The natural-gas boom in the U.S. has greatly reduced US manufacturing’s energy costs; costs are much higher in Asia
  • Wages in China are rising 18 percent a year, and by 2014 wages around Shanghai will be 60% of those in Alabama.
  • American unions are changing and adapting, getting more flexible and working much more closely with management to drive “lean manufacturing.”
  • U.S. labor is getting more and more productive, reducing the percentage of manufacturing costs consumed by labor.
There’s also something much more fundamental going on here.  Manufacturers are finding out the truism that lower labor costs “win” reflects a superficial understanding of costs, and in many cases is just wrong.
Moving manufacturing overseas removed manufacturing expertise as well.  And while that didn’t seem to be much of an issue fifteen years ago, it turns out that when the people designing, building, selling, and using the appliances/machines/machine tools are in the same building or area, they can quickly figure out how to reduce materials cost, dramatically increase build quality, and streamline manufacturing, further reducing cost.  Moreover, the cycle time can be drastically shortened as well.
That’s becoming increasingly important as products’ life cycles have dropped from seven to two years.
What does this mean for you?
While manufacturing is returning, the working conditions, safety issues, injury types and risk management of all of the above won’t be the same.  There’s much more automation, much less “manual” labor, and different risks than there were back in the day.
Be ready.

 


Dec
6

Solving work comp physician dispensing, one bill at a time

It’s been a week of focus on pharmacy, so forgive one last post on the subject.

Now that Illinois has joined CT MS AR SC GA and a host of other states that have addressed the outrageous practice of charging unconscionable prices for physician-dispensed repackaged drugs, what’s to be done in other states that have yet to stop the practice?

I’m talking Florida, Maryland, North Carolina, Hawaii, where some politicians have blocked fixes, or the regulatory process has yet to gain traction.

It is quite likely that dispensing companies are experiencing a significant cash flow crunch. They didn’t expect Illinois to end upcharging for repackaged drugs, and their projections of millions in revenue from the Land of Lincoln are now shattered.

An increasing number of payers are applying retail pharmacy rates to bills for physician-dispensed scripts in Florida – slashing reimbursement to a fraction of dispenser’s billed charges.

This latter approach is also being employed in Maryland and a couple other states where payers are increasingly fed up with politicians’ votes allowing dispensing of repackaged drugs.  The pols’ favoring of huge out of state contributors over taxpayers and employers has yet to cost them politically, but in the interim some payers are refusing to pay the tab, and are disputing dispensers’ bills thru adminstrative processes.

Sure, payers may well lose some disputes in some states, or perhaps many in many states, but the pressure they are bringing to bear is hurting dispensers and their enablers and owners.

The mood inside dispensing companies’ office must be very angry, extremely frustrated, and even shocked that employers and payers are finally refusing to pay their bills. If you listen carefully, you can almost hear their shrill whining…”Who do they think they are? How dare they not pay us what we want when we want?! Don’t they know they have to?!”

To which I would answer:

We are the fiduciaries responsible to our policyholders; We pay what we are legally obligated to pay; We’ll rely on the legal system to tell us what to pay, not some profiteering plunderer’s made-up bill.

Feel free to quote me.


Dec
4

So you think you know work comp claims?

Sign up for Mark Walls’ seminar and find out if you really do.

I’d especially recommend potential investors, vendors, and service providers who sell to or work with or interact with workers comp claims adjusters and organizations sign up for Mark’s presentation.

That said, understand Mark will be talking about how claims should be handled, which may – or may not – bear much resemblance to how certain claims adjusters actually handle claims.  Nonetheless, those who want to understand the role of claims, and interaction of claims and related areas (managed care, investigations, litigation, technology, providers) would be well-served to sit in.

 


Dec
3

The latest work comp fraud

WorkCompCentral reported [sub req] this morning that a Pennsylvania County was defrauded by its risk manager to the tune of $490,000.  The County’s TPA (Inservco, owned by Penn National) paid $490,000 for fraudulent bills approved by Dauphin County’s risk manager.  The  County discovered the scam when the risk manager, Garry Esworthy retired and the county reviewed the bills and payments to a company he’d set up in his wife’s name.

While there’s plenty of embarrassment to go around, it appears that the scam was easy to perpetrate.  As the risk manager, Esworthy had the ability and authority to approve payments for bills processed by Inservco.  He set up a company in his wife’s name, and submitted bills to Inservco. The TPA processed the bills, then sent them to Esworthy for approval.  Once he signed off, the checks were cut and sent to his account.

The scam was discovered after he retired and a County official looked into some of the bills and became suspicious.

Evidently Inservco is not to blame in this case. WorkCompCentral’s Mike Whiteley reported that earlier this year Inservco “came under fire from New Jersey State Comptroller Matthew Boxer, who said the company failed to disclose “side agreements” with bill repricing vendors it hired as TPA for the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority and for a city, county, and school district in New Jersey.” (the NJ Sports and Exposition Authority is a former HSA consulting client)

Boxer released an alert indicating “New Jersey governments could be wasting taxpayer dollars if they don’t closely monitor companies they hire to administer workers’ compensation claims…”

 

 

 


Nov
30

What the Illinois repackaged drug fix means for you

Now that Illinois has fixed its physician dispensing upcharge problem, there’s one less target for the dispensing industry.  While that’s great for the Illini, it’s not so great for those in states where upcharging for repackaged drugs is still allowed.

That’s you, Florida.  And you too, North Carolina, and Virginia, and Michigan.

You can expect the prices for repackaged drugs to increase, in some places dramatically. With Illinois joining GA SC AR MS CT CA AZ and other states where upcharging for dispensed drugs is essentially banned, there are fewer states where the dispensing industry can still plunder employers and taxpayers.  The dispensing industry must continue to generate ever-higher margins for their owners and investors, so they are going to increase prices and push for more scripts for more claimants from more physicians dispensing.

As WCRI has ably reported, prices for drugs dispensed by Florida physicians have held remarkably stable, while prices in other state, notably Illinois, increased substantially.  There’s some thinking that the industry has purposely held prices in the Sunshine State down in an effort to remove some of the pressure to pass a legislative fix.  After spending the last two days at the Florida Chamber’s Insurance Institute and conversing at length with  legislators keenly interested in the topic, my sense is the issue will once again be front and center in Tallahassee.

One anecdote points to the extent of the problem.  A good friend from a PBM told me yesterday that one of their clients sent them a $4300 bill for a repackaged drug, and asked what was to be done.  The PBM told them:

  1. that same drug would have cost $151 at a retail pharmacy
  2. as this was in North Carolina, where the fee schedule is “pay as billed”, there wasn’t much they can do.

This isn’t by any means a rare event. It is happening every day in many states, likely even your’s.

 


Nov
28

Sally Pipes on comparative effectiveness: flat-out wrong

Sally Pipes thinks using evidence-based medicine to produce better outcomes and avoid killing patients is “rationing.”

What utter nonsense. Pipes whole piece – in Forbes nonetheless -is rife with errors of fact, contortions of logic, and sloppy research.  Her highly selective parsing of others’ work is nothing short of intentionally misleading.

Here are a few of Ms Pipes’ errors.

“CER advocates say that it’s designed to correct a “market failure.” Right now, they argue, drug firms need not demonstrate that their product is better than those already on the market — only that it is effective at treating the disease it targets. Drug companies have little incentive to compare their products to those made by other firms — as they may not come out on top.”

Actually, CER advocates point to a failure of Congress and then-President Bush, not the “market”. Those elected cretins are the ones responsible for forbidding CMS from considering efficacy or effectiveness when determining how much is paid for a new drug or device (notably missed by Ms Pipes).  Yep, the 2003 Congress and Bush are the ones at fault when they passed the Medicare “Modernization” Act.

After all, why would you, dear taxpayer, ever want the Feds to care about wasting your tax dollars on marginally useful but really expensive drugs or devices?  Nope, far better to force CMS to pay whatever pharma or device manufacturers charge for stuff that might not work nearly as well as something that costs far less.

Ms Pipes goes on to find fault with CER, saying “for starters, doctors don’t always agree on what comparative-effectiveness research is actually telling us”.

No @&%$()*^.  THAT’S WHY WE NEED CER!  There’s waaay too much variation outside accepted practice norms, and this variation kills patients, drives up taxes, and increases employers’ costs.  Newsflash to Ms Pipes, some “doctors” are lousy, profit-seeking, patient-hurting, incompetent, or just plain bad.  Here’s just one example.

Next up; “Back in 2009, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force — another government-run panel of independent experts — revised its breast-cancer screening recommendations by telling women to wait until age 50 before undergoing routine mammograms. Previously, the group had encouraged women to start mammograms at age 40.

One reason the Task Force cited for the change? Cost.”

As if somehow cost is bad?  Another newsflash for Ms Pipes – health care costs are out of control, largely because we do way too many procedures that we should not do. Ever heard of “entitlements”, Ms P?

Also note cost is only ONE FACTOR. Increased risk of cancer from too many radiation screenings received much more attention – as it should.

Why is Ms Pipes so blatantly, obviously, completely in error?   Perhaps an inability to grasp basic concepts of high school science is to blame, or maybe she has really poor reading comprehension.

Of course, neither is the case. Ms Pipes just chooses to ignore facts that run counter to her ideology in favor of made-up conclusions based on nothing more than her ideology. .

Shame on you Forbes.  Your corner of the mainstream media is indeed in decline.


Nov
28

Pharmacy pricing up – driven by brands

Prices for brand drugs were up 13 percent in Q3 2012 from Q3 2011, while generic prices actually decreased 21 percent.  

That’s the headline from Express Scripts’ just-released drug trends report, which attributes the huge price increase to brand manufacturers seeking to maximize profits before their popular drugs’ patents expire. The good news is increased generic utilization helped keep total drug costs relatively flat.

Several specific drugs saw even larger increases.  Drugs to treat Hepatitis C (not uncommon in workers’ comp, especially for health care workers) had the largest specialty spend increase, 117 percent.

To give you a frame of reference, ESI’s total annual drug spend is slightly more than $800 per person.

Utilization was up 0.7%, while prices (overall) increased 2.8%.  Combining utilization and price produces cost trend.

A quarter of drug costs are for antidepressants and mental/neuro disorder medications.

Notably, opioids and narcotics represent a very small percentage of ESI’s total spend, which is based on group health, medicare, medicaid, and other lines.


Joe Paduda is the principal of Health Strategy Associates

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