Feb
10

Workers comp fraud – what NOT to do

From WorkCompCentral comes this entertaining news – one of the ‘stars’ of the TV show AxMen got busted for work comp fraud. [sub req]
No, he wasn’t spotted hosting a Mensa meeting.
The alleged fraudster, one Jimmy Smith, has been receiving what appears to be PPD benefits (that’s permanent and partial disability for you non-work comp geeks out there) for over three years. According to the L&I’s (the Washington state work comp fund) fraud blog, Smith had two injuries back in the mid-nineties, injuries so severe that he no longer could work.
Jimmy’s just a good ole boy with a green heart and a sense of history: “I’ve got a thing about not killing tress, I’m a fourth generation logger, and I figured this would be a way to give back what my ancestors prob’ly took.” Yep, he’s a bigger than life figure, and he knows it “we’re normal guys, doing extraordinary things”.
Looks like one of those ‘extraordinary things’ was cashing disability checks while running a logging operation. And Jimmy wasn’t just sitting behind a desk. Nope our hero was out there every day, pushin’ and pullin’, cussin’ and a-yellin’, showing the young guys just how it was done.
take-an-ax-to-it.4337386.40.jpg
Jimmy’s the guy in the water pulling on the rope…
Jimmy wasn’t just managing and directing. In one of the shows, Mr Smith put on SCUBA gear, jumped into the water, put heavy chains around logs, and ran a winch and a boat to drag the logs up out of the river. Not exactly “sedentary” activity – the highest exertion level he had alleged he could handle when filing for permanent disability.
He even shows his scars – one where his diaphragm was ripped loose, another from what he says was a compound fracture of both bones in the lower leg – and describes the injuries in detail, quite proud of his dedication to being “the best there is.”
Hard to see how anyone could work at a job as strenuous and exhausting as underwater logging after those horrible injuries – Jimmy’s one tough guy.
He’ll need to be, because his next starring role may be in ‘Lock-Up’.
The Ax-Men part of Jimmy’s reality TV star run may be coming to an abrupt end. Court documents indicate he’s facing over ten years of potential jail time and fines of over twenty thousand dollars.


Feb
9

Coventry workers’ compensation business – no news is…

Didn’t hear anything in Coventry’s earnings call yesterday about workers comp – even though it accounts for about three-quarters of a billion dollars in revenue and somewhere’s north of $85 million in margin – for Coventry.
Turns out I didn’t listen close enough – workers comp was mentioned twice during the call – once when discussing the Louisiana suit, and the other when describing what new CFO Randy Giles will be doing for the next few months (he’ll be “splitting his time…” between workers comp and Coventry’s six other businesses).
I’ve discussed Louisiana before – and made no secret of my view that Coventry’s been severely…mistreated…by the courts.
It is indeed encouraging to hear the new finance chief will be learning the work comp business – although Workers Comp chief David Young’s amply demonstrated his ability to squeeze ever more margin out of the sector, another pair of eyes may be helpful. As long as they aren’t accompanied by questions such as: “how many members do you have?”
My sense is Coventry’s work comp business has been squeezed just about dry. Price increases and assertive contract negotiations on the one hand, with ongoing issues with data quality – and the downstream negative impact on revenue – on the other have pushed the numbers pretty close to stasis. Emerging alternatives, brutal competition, declining claims frequency and increasing provider negotiating leverage will make 2011 a tich tougher than 2010.
Or perhaps more than a tich.


Feb
8

Coventry’s 2010 earnings – the numbers

Coventry’s 2010 earnings report is out, and the news was generally pretty good. Revenues are down considerably, but that’s due to the company’s decision to exit Medicare private Fee for Service; operating earnings are up for the year (from 3.6% of revenues to 5.9% for the year, and 5.4% to 7.8% for the last quarter) and EPS is up nicely as well.
The numbers are a bit misleading, as there were two significant ‘one-time’ events that greatly affected results. According to the press release;
“These results include a favorable impact from the MA-PFFS product of $0.45 EPS and an unfavorable impact from the previously announced Louisiana provider class action litigation of $1.18 EPS [this is from their workers comp network business]. Excluding the impact of MA-PFFS results(1) and the provider class action charge(2), core earnings for the year were $546.4 million, or $3.70 EPS.”
Medical loss ratios (MLR) were down almost across the board, in every product line, with Medicare Part D dropping to 64.7% last quarter. If Coventry’s experiencing the same situation as its much larger competitors, the overall MLR improvement appears to be due in large part to lower utilization.
From a strategy standpoint, I’m going to be listening carefully later today when company execs discuss the future. Two deals in smaller, midwestern markets have been consummated, and I’d expect there will be more as CVTY seeks to gain scale in markets where it can compete – read, avoid markets where the Blues, UHG, Aetna, and Wellpoint dominate. Coventry’s cash position is quite good, with about $850 million in the bank and other liquid assets. I’d expect some of this will be allocated to deals similar to the Wichita transaction.
More on strategy in a post later this week…
Workers comp
Comp revenues appear to be relatively flat.
While not split out separately, they can be tracked in the “Other Management Services” line which also includes rental network revenues.
The total line was up less than one percent year over year, reflecting Coventry’s enviable – but limiting – position as the dominant provider of work comp network and related services. According to an informed source, total WC revenues are likely in the $750 million range.


Feb
3

Work Comp Arbitration – a dangerous job!

For your entertainment pleasure, I bring you Jon Coppelman’s post on an Illinois workers comp arbitrator who
– fell on courthouse steps, injuring most of his extremities
– filed a claim for “post-traumatic carpal tunnel” – anyone have the ICD 9 for that???
– ruled on carpal tunnel cases for 230 prison guards who claimed carpal tunnel syndrome from turning keys in sticky locks…
very, very entertaining.


Feb
1

Workers comp medical costs – the real driver

Today’s NCCI report on the near-term future of workers comp should be required reading for work comp execs.
Here are the soundbites.
– indemnity costs will continue to rise, but very slowly.
– frequency will likely not increase.
– medical cost inflation will trend upwards.
For those interested in more detail, NCCI’s full report is here. [opens pdf]
I’m struck by the double-edged sword that drives workers comp; costs are held down because wages aren’t going up, and permanent, full-time employment isn’t likely to increase significantly till mid-year, keeping frequency low. Yet good-payng jobs with available overtime, and lots more of those jobs, are exactly what the country so desperately needs. I’d also note that the more jobs there are, and the higher paid they are, the more premium is created.
The bulk of the report is a thorough and highly readable discussion of the future labor market in the US, the factors influencing employment growth and a dissection of the impact of structural and cyclical drivers. Overall, a very well done synopsis with much grist for the strategic thinker’s mill.
The real driver has been, and will continue to be, medical costs. With medical price inflation forecast to rise at almost three times the overall inflation rate , the moderating influence of low indemnity costs will be more than outweighed by medical inflation.
I’d note that the above paragraph only speaks to the impact of price on medical costs; as we’ve all come to understand, utilization is the big medical inflation driver.
Simultaneous with the release of the NCCI report comes WCRI’s analysis of medical costs in Wisconsin (hat tip to WorkCompWire for the head’s up.)
While one state does not a national trend make, WCRI’s report that the Badger state’s medical costs per claim grew twelve percent from 10/07 to 10/08 should make anyone sit up and take notice.
That 12% annual medical inflation rate was driven in large part by increasing payments for outpatient hospital services.
There’s lots more evidence of higher medical costs and their impact on workers comp, but alas I’m on vacation this week and promised to limit my blogging to a half hour a day.


Jan
31

Spine surgery in California – some cheese with that whine?

WorkCompCentral’s [sub req] Greg Griggs reported the Division of Workers’ Comp’s public hearing last week was dominated by providers complaining about moves to reduce reimbursement for Ambulatory Surgery Centers (ASCs) and spinal implant hardware.
I have a [very] tough time ginning up much sympathy for the ASCs.
First, a quick review. Back in 2004, California’s Division of Workers Compensation (DWC) set payment for ASCs at 120% of Medicare – identical to hospital outpatient departments. The new recommendation is to pay the ASCS at 100% of the Medicare rate.
According to WCC, several of the provider groups attending the hearing stated they would suggest/encourage their physicians not treat workers comp patients because WC is a hassle and the reimbursement cut would be too deep. There’s no question WC is more of an administrative burden than your typical WC case; dealing with UR, complaints from adjusters, employers, and injured workers, documentation requirements and potential for involvement in litigation as well as addressing return to work are all present in comp – and not in Medicare.
And that’s precisely why physician reimbursement in comp, is higher than for Medicare – the docs, and their staffs, are the ones dealing with those issues. They should be paid more – and in California, as in most other states, they are.
For facilities, it is hard to see why they should be paid more for WC cases than for Medicare – the bricks-and-mortar, tools, staff, supplies and other operating expenses are what their reimbursement covers.
To listen to the ASC owners, any reduction in comp will be catastrophic: here are a couple of their comments as quoted in WCC, with my observations interspersed:
– “the reason I built the Pleasanton surgery center is because hospitals are so inefficient”… under the new FS this physician’s three surgery centers “will have some procedures where it just broke even “and many where there would be a significant loss.”
MCM – If hospitals are “so inefficient”, how can an ASC not be more profitable at the same reimbursement as those ‘inefficient’ hospitals? There’s a logical fallacy here that refutes the physician’s own argument.
– another CEO said “we need to select those parts of the business where we could make a profit, but the reality is a 20% cut is big for any business. The brutal reality is that will impact jobs.”
MCM – with all due respect to the CEO, your profits are employers’ costs. The “brutal reality” is high workers comp costs do impact jobs – especially for employers forced to pay for your profits.
What does this mean for you?
A helpful reminder that workers comp is a zero sum game – excessive reimbursement profits providers and penalizes employers.


Jan
27

No better candidate – Greg Krohm

At the end of this year, Greg Krohm, currently Executive Director of IAIABC, will be retiring. I’ve come to know Greg over the last few years, and am only sorry it has taken this long to cross paths.
Greg is one of the nominees for this year’s LexisNexis 2010 Notable People in Workers’ Compensation – and I can’t think of a more qualified candidate.
I’d encourage all to acknowledge Greg’s many contributions to the work comp world by casting their ballot for him here.
A tip of the hat to Safety National’s Mark Walls for the head’s up; his Linked-In group is the leading social networking site for WC professionals


Jan
25

In defense of the California state workers comp fund

The oft-maligned State Compensation Insurance Fund, aka California state fund, is back in the news again, this time for terminating the Fund’s long-time Medical Director, Gideon Letz. Dr Letz was at the Fund for over two decades, was an active and forceful advocate for appropriate medicine and assertive return to work and played an important role in developing some of the more innovative – and effective – care delivery models for workers comp claimants.
I don’t know the details – or even the broad strokes – of the SCIF-Letz split – and that’s not the point of this post.
Instead, I’d like to focus on the really difficult position the Fund is in – its highly-problematic role of carrier of last resort, quasi-public agency, and competitive provider of workers comp insurance.
The comp business is highly cyclical, vacillating between hard and soft markets every few years. As claims costs rise, for-profit insurers restrict underwriting and raise prices, forcing more and more employers to get their workers comp from the Fund. With more premium comes more claims, more injured workers, and more inquiries, policies, bills, claims, and procedures to administer. At some point, the cycle turns, the for-profits come back into the market, premiums dry up, and there are far fewer policyholders, new claimants and new claims.
Meanwhile, during the hard markets the politicians are fielding complaints from constituents about poor service, unanswered phone calls, letters, and complaints. Many elected officials – often with good intentions, sometimes not – demand answers and accountability from the Fund, which then has to educate newbies about the cycle, SCIF’s “carrier of last resort” status, and the business implications of the cycle and SCIF’s status. The Fund then scrambles to hire, equip, and train more claims adjusters, bill reviewers, clerks, administrators, and nurses, open offices in ‘underserved’ areas, contract with more vendors, and buy more stuff needed to handle the increased business.
Several years later, the market has turned – other insurers enter the market and start taking share from the Fund, new business declines along with new claim volume. Inevitably, a report comes out showing the Fund is overstaffed, has too many offices and claims reps, and administrative expenses that look to be much higher than their for-profit competitors. Now, the same (or new and different) politicians point out the inefficiencies of the Fund’s bloated bureaucracy, demanding to know why the Fund needs so many more people/offices/computers to handle claims than those much-more-efficient private insurers. Inevitably, offices are closed, staff reduced, services cut.
And then the next hard market arrives.
Think for a moment about the business challenges inherent in running a carrier of last resort. First, you’ve got public oversight. Not to say that’s a bad thing, but it does take a lot of time, patience, and tact on the part of senior management. Next, you’ve got the pressures of public finance, where taxpayers don’t want to pay more yet demand better and more services. Let’s not discount the challenge of managing a highly cyclical business where your operation MUST take on customers no one else wants, while constantly losing its most profitable customers to competitors.
This is NOT to say SCIF doesn’t suffer from poor managers, inefficient and outdated systems and processes, internal politics and nonsensical policies – hell, every comp insurer, whether private, public, for-profit or Fund, mutual or stock does. Sure, some have fewer warts, but all could be better/faster/smarter/more efficient. And perhaps SCIF has more issues than most.
But, given the conditions SCIF – and most other state funds, for that matter – operate under, it’s a wonder they don’t have many more.


Jan
21

Gould and Lamb responds

After my post earlier this week re PMSI naming Pat Sullivan to lead their Ancillary Services DIvision, I was contacted by Gould and Lamb (currently the leading MSA vendor) who took exception to my characterization of their recent history, to wit:
“I didn’t include Gould & Lamb in that list [of companies likely to ‘push ahead’ of their competitors], as I’ve heard several times they’ve had challenges on the technical side that may have contributed to the management shakeup last fall. We’ll have to wait and see if the issues are resolved.”
Not exactly a full-fledged assault on the company, their capabilities, or prospects for the future. At least I didn’t think so. I read it a couple more times, and thought it was actually pretty mild.
G&L’s reaction was…not exactly nuanced. After multiple emails to and fro and after a call from their corporate counsel to which I took exception (Tip – if you want to get along with media, do NOT have your attorney call the writer), I asked G&L to address the specific quote from the original piece.
Here’s the relevant parts of their response, with my observations.
G&L – “We have made a substantial investment in technology and talent and as such have developed the most successful reporting technology in the industry and we have not had any technical problems on the G&L side… It is important to note that G&L not only offers an excellent reporting solution, but we have been actively working with CMS in the development of a reporting solution for the industry as whole.”
Paduda – As I noted in the original post, I heard from several sources that one of the reasons for the ‘management shakeup’ was delays and higher than expected costs associated with development of their reporting application. G&L clearly states they had no technical problems. I leave it to the reader to make their own decision; I’m not expert enough in this issue to make a definitive statement one way or the other.
2) “As we have experienced no technology issues, it stands to reason that “technology” was not part of the decision to make a change in the executive leadership at G&L. It was necessary to make changes at the executive level for reasons other than G&L products/ services or technology.”
Paduda – In an earlier message, G&L had noted issues with vision, strategy, and direction led to the replacement of staff last year; turnover in the sales staff was also noted. Again, G&L’s response differs from what I’ve been told by other sources.
G&L – “Clearly, your sources are not “credible” as the information you have regarding G&L represents rumor and is grossly inaccurate. I would also like to add that Lloyd’s [a recent deal where G&L will handle reporting for Lloyd’s syndicate members) isn’t ” just any deal” and the fact that they vetted G&L competitors speaks to the lack of technical problems they identified in our program.”
Paduda – With all due respect to G&L, I’ll continue to assess the credibility of sources on my own. Undoubtedly I’ll make mistakes from time to time – mistakes which I will disclose (and be reminded of each time I see Rob Gelb). In a case such as this where there’s no definitive ‘answer’ (unlike the Gelb situation) I’ll put out what information I deem appropriate and trust the reader to use her/his judgment.
G&L – “As a reporter of information you are also aware that the most reliable source of information is directly from “the source”.”
Paduda – In some instances that’s undoubtedly true, but in many others that hasn’t been my experience, nor the experience of ‘real’ reporters.
(I don’t consider myself a ‘real’ reporter, but more an observer and commenter).
For example, Woodward and Bernstein didn’t take Nixon’s word at face value. Sports Illustrated’s reporters aren’t taking Lance Armstrong’s word at face value. Companies, politicians, individuals, heck even consultants ‘spin’ the story to suit them, or perhaps more kindly, to fit their perspective.
I don’t mean to imply G&L is in any way similar to those examples, but rather to use those examples to make the point that the ‘source’ is often not the most reliable source of information. I’m hoping to continue the dialogue with G&L as time permits.
What does this mean for you?
A couple things.
First, media relations are best handled cordially and gently. Veiled threats are rarely productive. (he said with careful understatement)
Second, Don’t take anyone’s word – unless you know and completely trust the individual – as truth. That includes mine. I will continue to report and opine here, and I sincerely hope I am always right. I also know that I won’t be – and I’m sure you’ll let me know when I’m not.


Jan
19

Guidelines – part of the answer in work comp

Last week’s post on guidelines elicited quite a bit of discussion – both public and private, with many vendors/suppliers/writers weighing in on the subject of what works; the practicality of guidelines and the various research methodologies and their validity.
I had a conversation yesterday with a very well-respected researcher that made me realize the post missed a critical point – without the statutory/regulatory ability to enforce/use/require/mandate/give weight to guidelines, they’re nowhere near as useful as they should be.
That’s not to say guidelines without legal ‘enforcement’ authority aren’t still helpful – there’s solid evidence that suggests sharing guidelines with providers can lead to altered practice patterns over time. I worked with a PBM client some years ago on a project involving sending letters to physicians with prescribing patterns that were well outside norms (primarily lots and lots of Schedule II drugs); there was a statistically significant change in prescriptions in the 90 days after the letters went out. Not huge, but significant.
For guidelines to really be effective, adjusters, PBMs, and employers:
a) need statutory/regulatory language that provides ‘weight’ to guidelines that meet stringent criteria in determining what drugs are appropriate
b) must provide the treating provider with claimant- and condition-specific guidelines if and when they disagree with the course of treatment prescribed by the treating doc
c) should be required to discuss the options with the treating provider, with a pharmacist or physician tasked with reaching out to the provider and provide those guidelines when requested
d) need to have the statutory/regulatory authority to not pay for drugs if the treating provider doesn’t respond or refuses to alter treatment in the face of accepted guidelines.